Psychoanalysis comprises several interlocking theories concerning the functioning of the mind. In the past 70 years infant and child research and new discoveries in adults have led to further modification to theory. During psychoanalytic treatment, the client tells the analyst various thoughts and feelings.  

 

The analyst listens carefully, formulates, then intervenes to attempt to help the client develop insight into unconscious factors causing the problems. The specifics of the analyst's interventions typically include confronting and clarifying the client's pathological defences, wishes and guilt. Through the analysis of resistance (unconscious barriers to treatment) and transference to the analyst of an important other, psychoanalysis aims to unearth wishes and emotions from prior unresolved conflicts, in order to help the client perceive and resolve lingering current issues.  

 

We consider the theories of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung & Alfred Adler & how we use these understandings in the contemporary practice. 

Carl Ransom Rogers (1902-1987) was a psychologist and psychotherapist who initiated what Abraham Maslow later called the "third force" of psychology, following the behaviourism of Pavlov (and later B. F. Skinner) and Freudian psychoanalysis. This "third force" of humanistic psychology has been so closely identified with Rogers that it is often called Rogerian, a term its namesake objected to.  

 

His innovation was to treat clients as if they were essentially healthy, and he felt that growth would occur when a non-judgmental, non-directive (later, "person-centred") therapist created a warm, accepting environment to nurture the client and allow self-knowledge and self-acceptance to occur. Rogers is considered by many to be the most influential psychologist after Freud. The SCCP consider the person centred approach to be the basis of our therapeutic interactions and so believe this module to be an integral part of psychotherapy training. The SCCP advocates working with the client and not the issue, understanding that the issue is the client's adaption to the world. 

 

To find out more about Client centred / Person Centred Counselling Please go to 

 

An American psychologist who was best known for creating Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization. importance of focusing on the positive qualities in people, as opposed to treating them as a series of symptoms. 

 

Maslow described human needs as ordered in a prepotent hierarchy. A motivationed requirement would need to be satisfied before the client would give their attention to the next highest need. Maslow supplies an excellent framework of understanding required to translate the clients conversation into an understanding of motivational requirements. 

We will be discussing and practising many theories & techniques including Bowlby's attachment theory; a psychological model that attempts to describe the dynamics of long-term interpersonal relationships between humans. However, "attachment theory is not formulated as a general theory of relationships. It addresses only a specific facet" (Waters et al. 2005: 81): how human beings respond within relationships when hurt, separated from loved ones, or perceiving a threat.  

 

Essentially, attachment depends on the person's ability to develop basic trust in their caregivers and self. In infants, attachment as a motivational and behavioural system directs the child to seek proximity with a familiar caregiver when they are alarmed, with the expectation that they will receive protection and emotional support. John Bowlby believed that the tendency for primate infants to develop attachments to familiar caregivers was the result of evolutionary pressures, since attachment behaviour would facilitate the infant's survival in the face of dangers such as predation or exposure to the elements. 

CBT is the NHS choice of talking therapy's because it is measurable, one might say scientific empirical quality, however this is not the case once people, the clients, are introduced to the process. the reason for this is that CBT is dependent on the client committing to homework & practice for change. 

 

For those who have any experience of working with clients will know, this will reduce success to less than forty percent; hence the introduction of hypnosis. 

 

By weaving words into hypnotic outcomes & metaphors using the foundation of rationality your clients will change quickly in a way that fits with their own reality. 

 

The SCCP is the originator of this weaving of rational thinking into an interspersal suggestion based technique, reducing client resistance whilst facilitating permanent change within the client. 

"Remembering that you are going to die is the best way that I know to avoid the trap of thinking that you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart." - Steve Jobs 

 

Existentialism is a term applied to the work of certain late 19th- and 20th-century philosophers who, despite profound doctrinal differences, shared the belief that philosophical thinking begins with the human subject; not merely the thinking subject, but the acting, feeling, living human individual. The individuals starting point is characterised by what has been called "the existential attitude," or a sense of disorientation and confusion in the face of an apparently meaningless or absurd world. 

 

This weekend explores existentialism and how we might employ this philosophy in the contemporary practice. 

 

Integrative Counselling & Psychotherapy 

 

By practising the above techniques we are developing an integrative model; allowing flexibility for the individual client to change and develop. 

 

To read more about how we use existentialism in the modern practice please go to;